An Evaluation of Home-Based Nursing Care for Patients With Chronic Illnesses in Rural Communities of Kebbi State
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Background of the Study
Chronic illnesses such as hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Nigeria, managing chronic illnesses is particularly challenging due to limited healthcare access, financial constraints, and a shortage of healthcare professionals (WHO, 2024). These challenges are even more pronounced in rural communities where healthcare infrastructure is weak, and many patients cannot regularly visit hospitals for treatment. Home-based nursing care has emerged as a crucial intervention for managing chronic illnesses, ensuring that patients receive medical attention in the comfort of their homes (Okafor et al., 2023).
Home-based nursing care involves providing medical care, medication administration, wound care, and patient education outside traditional hospital settings. It has been associated with improved patient outcomes, reduced hospital readmissions, and enhanced quality of life (Eze & Bello, 2024). However, in rural communities of Kebbi State, the effectiveness of home-based nursing care remains largely unexplored. The availability of trained nurses, logistical challenges, and cultural perceptions of home care may impact its success.
This study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of home-based nursing care for patients with chronic illnesses in rural Kebbi State. By identifying its benefits, challenges, and areas for improvement, the study will provide insights into how healthcare systems can better support chronically ill patients outside hospital settings.
Statement of the Problem
Access to healthcare services remains a critical issue in rural communities of Nigeria, including Kebbi State. Many individuals suffering from chronic illnesses face difficulties in receiving consistent medical care due to transportation barriers, financial constraints, and an insufficient number of healthcare professionals (Adebayo & Musa, 2024). Without proper management, chronic diseases can lead to severe complications, frequent hospitalizations, and premature mortality.
Home-based nursing care presents a potential solution for improving healthcare accessibility in these areas. However, there is limited research on its effectiveness in managing chronic illnesses in rural Kebbi State. The success of home-based care depends on factors such as nurse availability, community acceptance, and the adequacy of medical resources (Usman & Ibrahim, 2025).
This study aims to evaluate the impact of home-based nursing care on patient outcomes in rural Kebbi State. Understanding the effectiveness and challenges of this model will help inform policies aimed at expanding home care services to underserved populations.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the effectiveness of home-based nursing care in improving health outcomes for patients with chronic illnesses in rural Kebbi State.
2. To examine the accessibility and availability of home-based nursing care in rural communities.
3. To identify challenges affecting the implementation and success of home-based nursing care.
Research Questions
1. How effective is home-based nursing care in managing chronic illnesses in rural Kebbi State?
2. What factors influence the accessibility and availability of home-based nursing care in rural communities?
3. What are the major challenges affecting home-based nursing care implementation?
Research Hypotheses
1. H₀: Home-based nursing care has no significant effect on health outcomes for patients with chronic illnesses.
2. H₀: There is no significant relationship between accessibility of home-based nursing care and improved patient health.
3. H₀: Cultural, logistical, and institutional barriers do not significantly impact home-based nursing care implementation.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on patients receiving home-based nursing care in rural Kebbi State and evaluates its effectiveness in managing chronic illnesses. It does not include urban populations or patients receiving hospital-based care. Limitations include difficulties in data collection from rural areas, potential bias in patient self-reports, and logistical challenges affecting nurse availability.
Definition of Terms
• Home-Based Nursing Care: Medical and supportive care provided by nurses to patients in their homes.
• Chronic Illnesses: Long-term health conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease.
• Rural Healthcare: Medical services provided in underdeveloped or remote areas.
• Patient Outcomes: The health results experienced by patients following medical interventions.
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